The Disturbing Link between Heart Disease and Smoking Exposure to electronic cigarettes impairs vascular and microvascular function International Journal of Cardiology Tobacco smoking and vascular biology and function: evidence from human studies Pflgers Archiv European Journal of Physiology Springer Nature Link E cigarettes damage brain, heart, lungs and blood vessels, study finds The Irish Times Even nicotine free e cigarettes damage blood vessels Heated tobacco and cigarettes cause the same gut and vascular damage, study finds