Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) is a small molecule produced in humans primarily by the gut liver axis and has become an important biomarker, and possible mediator, of cardiometabolic and renal disease. Dietary choline, phosphatidylcholine ( View of The origin of trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) and its role in development of atherosclerosis Journal of Food Bioactives TMAO and Heart Disease A Serious Heart Marker Functional Medicine University The Leader in Online Training in Functional Diagnostic Medicine Trimethylamine N Oxide From Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Focus on Diet Journal of Renal Nutrition Dietary allicin reduces transformation of L carnitine to TMAO through impact on gut microbiota ScienceDirect Pathobiological Relationship of Excessive Dietary Intake of Choline L Carnitine: A TMAO Precursor Associated Aggravation in Heart Failure in Sarcopenic Patients